Get ISQI CTFL_Syll2018 Dumps Questions Study Exam Guide Apr 14, 2024
CTFL_Syll2018 Premium Exam Engine - Download Free PDF Questions
NEW QUESTION # 58
Why is measurement of code coverage Important?
- A. Because 100% code coverage implies 100% coverage of requirements
- B. Because code coverage can be used to ensure that all code is exercised by tests
- C. Because code coverage can ensure that all decisions are correctly implemented in the code
- D. Because 100% code coverage guarantees that there are no coding errors
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 59
What is Test Design?
- A. The overall process of testing a system to verify that it meets specified requirements.
- B. The process of selecting test techniques to exercise the functions implemented by the tested system
- C. An approach to testing to reduce the level of product risks by focusing on high-risk areas in the product
- D. The process of transforming general testing objectives into tangible test conditions and test cases
Answer: D
Explanation:
Test design is the process of transforming general testing objectives into tangible test conditions and test cases that can be executed and verified against expected results. Test design involves identifying test techniques, coverage criteria, input data, expected outcomes and other test parameters.
Reference: A Study Guide to the ISTQB Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus1, Chapter 3, Section 3.2.1, page
53.
NEW QUESTION # 60
Consider the following Pseudo code:
How many minimum lea cases are required to cover 100% Statement coverage and Decision coverage?
- A. 2 for Statement, 5 for Decision
- B. 1 for Statement. 2 for Decision
- C. 1 for Statement. 5 for Decision
- D. 5 for Statement. 1 for Decision
Answer: B
Explanation:
To achieve 100% statement coverage, we need to execute every statement in the code at least once. To achieve
100% decision coverage, we need to execute every possible outcome of every decision in the code at least once. In this case, we can use the following test cases to cover both statement and decision coverage:
* A = true, B = true
* A = false, B = false
These two test cases will cover all the statements and all the possible outcomes of the decisions in the code.
Therefore, the minimum number of test cases required to achieve both statement and decision coverage is two.
References: Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus, Section 4.3.1
NEW QUESTION # 61
Which of the following statements about use-case testing are most accurate?
(i)In a use-case diagram an actor represents a type of user.
(ii)Use-cases are the most common test basis for unit testing.
(iii)A use-case describes interactions between actors.
(iv)An actor is always a human user that interacts with the system.
(v)Test cases can be based on use-case scenarios.
(vi)Use-case testing will often identify gaps not found by testing individual components.
- A. i, iii, v, vi
- B. i, ii, iv, v
- C. ii, iii, iv, v
- D. iii, iv, v, vi
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 62
Which of the following options explain why it is often beneficial to have an independent test function in an organisation?
- A. To ensure that developers adhere to coding standards
- B. To limit communication between developers and testers
- C. To provide better metrics for the stakeholders
- D. To improve defect finding during reviews and testing
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
Having an independent test function in an organisation can improve defect finding during reviews and testing, because independent testers can provide a different perspective and have less bias than developers or other stakeholders. Independent testers can also focus on testing activities without being influenced by development pressures or deadlines12. The other options are not valid reasons for having an independent test function.
Option B is more related to code reviews, which can be done by developers themselves or by peers. Option C is not beneficial, because communication between developers and testers is essential for effective testing and defect resolution. Option D is not directly related to the test function, but to the test management and reporting processes12.
NEW QUESTION # 63
Which of the following is NOT a major responsibility of a tester?
- A. Writing the test specification
- B. Finding the root cause of a defect.
- C. Reporting and tracking bugs.
- D. Producing interim test reports.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 64
Can "cost" be regarded as Exit criteria'?
- A. No The cost of testing cannot be measured effectively, so it is incorrect to use cost as an exit criteria
- B. Yes Going by cost as an exit criteria constrains the testing project which will help achieve the desired
quality level defined for the project - C. Yes. Spending too much money on testing will result in an unprofitable product, and having cost as an
exit criteria helps avoid this - D. No The financial value of product quality cannot be estimated so it is incorrect to use cost as an exit
criteria
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 65
Which of the following test types is a part of the V-Model?
- A. Experience-based testing
- B. Component testing
- C. Black-box testing
- D. White-box testing
Answer: B
Explanation:
Component testing is a part of the V-Model, which is a development life cycle model that shows the relationship between each phase of development and its corresponding phase of testing. In this model, each level of testing (unit testing, integration testing, system testing, acceptance testing) has a corresponding level of development (component design, component integration, system design, requirements analysis).
Component testing is the process of testing individual components or units of software in isolation from other components or systems. Component testing verifies that the components meet their functional and non-functional requirements and work as expected in their intended environment. Component testing is usually done by developers who have access to the component design and code specifications. You can find more information about component testing and the V-Model in Software Testing Foundations: A Study Guide for the Certified Tester Exam, Chapter 22.
NEW QUESTION # 66
Which of the following defects-can
- A. Wrong business rules
- B. Undefined variables
- C. Infinite loops
- D. Syntax errors of the code
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
Wrong business rules are defects that cannot be found by static analysis tools, because they are logical or functional errors that depend on the context and requirements of the software13. A static analysis tool can only detect syntactic or structural errors in the code or design of the software under test, but not whether they match the intended business rules or logic13. The other options are defects that can be found by static analysis tools. Option A is a defect that can be found by a static analysis tool, because it is a structural error that causes the code to loop indefinitely without terminating13. Option C is a defect that can be found by a static analysis tool, because it is a syntactic error that causes the code to fail to compile or run13. Option D is a defect that can be found by a static analysis tool, because it is a structural error that indicates a waste of memory or a possible logic flaw
NEW QUESTION # 67
You are testing an e-commerce system The system accepts four different types of Credit Cards; each card has its own rules for valid and invalid numbers. The following is a portion of the Decision Table for Order Management.:
The combination of the conditions Valid Card Number (NO) + Purchase Approved (YES) is not feasible.
You wish to perform a test which completely covers all the combinations of equivalence partitioning tor the different types of credit card, according to the rules shown in the above Decision Table How many test cases do you need?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
Answer: B
Explanation:
The combination of the conditions Valid Card Number (NO) + Purchase Approved (YES) is not feasible, as a purchase cannot be approved with an invalid card number. Therefore, this combination can be ignored in the equivalence partitioning for the different types of credit card. Each type of credit card has two valid equivalence partitions: Valid Card Number (YES) + Purchase Approved (YES) and Valid Card Number (YES) + Purchase Approved (NO). Each type of credit card also has one invalid equivalence partition: Valid Card Number (NO) + Purchase Approved (NO). Therefore, to cover all the combinations of equivalence partitions for the four types of credit card, we need 4 x (2 + 1) = 12 test cases.
A, B, and D are incorrect answers. A implies that there are two equivalence partitions for each type of credit card, which is not true as there are three. B implies that there is only one equivalence partition for each type of credit card, which is not true as there are two valid ones and one invalid one. D implies that there are four equivalence partitions for each type of credit card, which is not true as there are only three.
NEW QUESTION # 68
The Cambrian Pullman Express has special ticketing requirements represented by the partial decision table below.
Refer to the exhibit
Carol has a student railcard and is travelling on a Flexible Standard Class ticket. James has a senior railcard and is travelling on a super saver ticket. Which of the options represents the correct actions for these two test cases? [K3]
- A. Carol is eligible to upgrade; James cannot use the service
- B. Carol and James are both eligible to upgrade
- C. Carol is OK to travel; James is eligible for an upgrade
- D. Carol is OK to travel; James cannot use the service
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
The Cambrian Pullman Express has special ticketing requirements represented by the partial decision table below. The decision table has six columns representing six rules and eight rows representing eight conditions or actions. The table is filled with "Y" and "N" values indicating whether a particular condition is met for a particular rule.
!decision table
Carol has a student railcard and is travelling on a Flexible Standard Class ticket. James has a senior railcard and is travelling on a super saver ticket. The question asks which of the options represents the correct actions for these two test cases. To answer this question, we need to find the matching rule for each test case and then look at the corresponding actions. For Carol, the matching rule is rule 2, as she has a student railcard (Y) and a Flexible Standard Class ticket (Y). The actions for rule 2 are: OK to travel (Y), eligible to upgrade (Y), and concessionary fare (N). Therefore, Carol is OK to travel and eligible to upgrade, but not entitled to a concessionary fare. For James, the matching rule is rule 6, as he has a senior railcard (Y) and a super saver ticket (N). The actions for rule 6 are: OK to travel (N), eligible to upgrade (N), and concessionary fare (N).
Therefore, James cannot use the service, is not eligible to upgrade, and is not entitled to a concessionary fare.
Among the options given in this question, only A correctly represents these actions. A says that Carol is eligible to upgrade and James cannot use the service. Therefore, A is the correct answer.
NEW QUESTION # 69
What is decision table testing?
- A. It's a testing design technique based in the system requirements.
- B. It's a static test design technique.
- C. It's a testing design technique based in the internal software structure.
- D. It's a testing design technique to verify decisions.
Answer: A
Explanation:
A testing design technique based in the system requirements. Decision table testing is a black-box testing technique that is used to test complex business rules or logic that involve multiple conditions and actions.
Decision table testing uses a tabular format to represent all possible combinations of inputs (conditions) and outputs (actions) for a given decision. Decision table testing helps to ensure that all scenarios are covered and tested. A detailed explanation of decision table testing can be found in A Study Guide to the ISTQB Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus, pages 47-511.
NEW QUESTION # 70
Which of the following is NOT a major responsibility of a tester?
- A. Writing the test specification
- B. Reporting and tracking bugs.
- C. Finding the root cause of a defect.
- D. Producing interim test reports.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
Finding the root cause of a defect is not a major responsibility of a tester. Finding the root cause of a defect is usually done by developers who have access to the source code and can debug it to identify and fix the defect. Testers are responsible for reporting and tracking defects, but not for finding their root causes2 states this as follows:
The role of testers is to find defects in software products and report them to developers who are responsible for fixing them. Testers do not need to know how to fix defects or find their root causes, as this requires access to the source code and debugging skills that are typically possessed by developers.
A, C, and D are incorrect answers. Producing interim test reports, writing the test specification, and reporting and tracking bugs are major responsibilities of a tester. Producing interim test reports is part of test monitoring and control, which involves measuring and evaluating test progress and quality against objectives and criteria.
Writing the test specification is part of test analysis and design, which involves identifying test conditions based on test basis and designing test cases based on test techniques. Reporting and tracking bugs is part of test implementation and execution, which involves logging incidents when observed outcomes deviate from expected outcomes and tracking their status until closure.
NEW QUESTION # 71
Which of the following BEST describes checklist-based testing?
- A. Checklist-based testing is restricted to non-functional testing, including usability, performance, and security test
- B. Checklist-based testing includes formal tests from detailed lists of test conditions, allowing much repeatability
- C. Checklist-based testing may involve a list of tests based on what is important to the user as well as an understanding of why and how software fails
- D. Checklist-based testing, while popular, provides little consistency and few guidelines concerning test case development
Answer: C
Explanation:
The correct answer is B, as it describes checklist-based testing. Checklist-based testing is an experience-based test technique that involves a list of tests based on what is important to the user as well as an understanding of why and how software fails1. Checklist-based testing can be used to ensure that important aspects of the software are tested and to guide the tester in creating additional tests1. Option A is incorrect, as checklist-based testing provides some consistency and guidelines concerning test case development by using predefined lists of items or criteria to check against1. Option C is incorrect, as checklist-based testing is not restricted to non-functional testing, but can be used for both functional and non-functional testing1. Option D is incorrect, as checklist-based testing does not include formal tests from detailed lists of test conditions, but informal tests from high-level lists of items or criteria1. References: 1, Section 4.2.6
NEW QUESTION # 72
Which of the following would NOT be a typical target of testing support tools?
- A. Automate activities that require significant resources when done manually
- B. Automate repetitive tasks
- C. Automate activities that cannot be executed manually
- D. Automating repetitive inspections
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 73
Given the following review types and review characteristics:
a. Pair review
b. Walkthrough
c. Technical review
d. Inspection
1. Formal
2. Inlornial
3. Purpose includes gaining consensus
4. Purposes include improving the software product and training the review participants Which of the following BEST matches the review type with the review/ characteristic?
- A. a-4, b-3, c-2, d-1
- B. a-2, b-3, c-4, d-1
- C. a-1, b-4, c-3, d-2
- D. a-2, b-4, c-3, d-1
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
The correct matching of the review types with the review characteristics is as follows:
Pair review: Informal (2)
Walkthrough: Purpose includes gaining consensus (3)
Technical review: Purposes include improving the software product and training the review participants (4) Inspection: Formal (1) Therefore, option C is the correct answer. Options A, B, and D are incorrect, as they do not match the review types with the review characteristics correctly.
References: Section 3.2.1
NEW QUESTION # 74
When testing a mission critical system a high coverage should be achieved. Which of the following techniques
should be implemented as a structural based coverage technique in order to achieve highest coverage?
- A. decision table
- B. statement coverage
- C. use case testing
- D. multiple condition coverage
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 75
Consider the following code
int premium=2500;
if <age<30)
{
premium = premium +1500:
}
Which options suits for a correct combination of Boundary value and expected result. Assume first number as boundary followed by expected result.
- A. 29.4000
30. 2500 - B. 30. 1500
31, 2500 - C. 29,1500
30. 2500 - D. 29. 2500
30, 1500
Answer: C
Explanation:
Boundary value analysis is a technique to test the values at the boundaries of an equivalence partition. In this case, the age variable has two equivalence partitions: less than 30 and greater than or equal to 30. The boundary values are 29 and 30. The expected result for age 29 is that the premium is increased by 1500, so the final value is 4000. The expected result for age 30 is that the premium remains unchanged at 2500. This is explained in the syllabus under section 4.3, "Black-box Test Techniques"1. References: Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) Syllabus - ASTQB
NEW QUESTION # 76
Which activity in the fundamental test process includes test script generation?
- A. Test analysis and design
- B. Test implementation and execution
- C. Test planning and control
- D. Test closure activities
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 77
Which of the following options BEST explain the pesticide paradox principle of testing?
- A. Testing, like spraying pesticide, is an effective bug / defect removal activity
- B. If we do not regularly review and revise our tests, we'll stop finding defects
- C. Repeatedly running a set of tests will ensure that a system is defect free
- D. Defects are, paradoxically, often contained in a small number of modules
Answer: B
Explanation:
The pesticide paradox principle of testing states that if we do not regularly review and revise our tests, we'll stop finding defects, because the same tests will no longer be effective at detecting new or different defects in the software12. The other options do not explain the pesticide paradox principle of testing. Option B is false, because repeatedly running a set of tests will not ensure that a system is defect free, but rather that it meets the same quality criteria as before12. Option C is related to the defect clustering principle of testing, which states that defects are often contained in a small number of modules12. Option D is a metaphor that compares testing to spraying pesticide, but it does not explain the paradoxical effect of using the same tests over and over again
NEW QUESTION # 78
......
Free CTFL_Syll2018 Exam Braindumps ISQI Pratice Exam: https://ensurepass.testkingfree.com/ISQI/CTFL_Syll2018-practice-exam-dumps.html